Write program to generate following pattern

Introduction

In this code example, we will explore how to print number patterns using C++. We will use nested loops to control the number of rows and columns in the pattern. The code will dynamically initialize the number of rows and print the numbers in ascending order for each row.

Key Concepts

Before we dive into the code, let's understand some key concepts:

1. Nested Loops: In C++, we can use nested loops to create patterns. A nested loop is a loop inside another loop. The outer loop controls the number of rows, while the inner loop controls the number of columns.
2. Dynamic Initialization: The code uses dynamic initialization to determine the number of rows in the pattern. By changing the value of the total_rows variable, we can control the height of the pattern.

Code Structure

The code follows a simple structure:

• Importing Libraries: The code begins by importing the necessary libraries, iostream and conio.h. The iostream library allows us to use input/output operations, while conio.h provides functions for console input/output.
• Main Function: The main() function is the entry point of the program. It returns an integer value and does not accept any command-line arguments.
• Variable Initialization: The code initializes the total_rows variable with a value of 4. This variable determines the number of rows in the pattern.
• Outer Loop: The outer loop iterates from 1 to the value of total_rows. It controls the number of rows in the pattern.
• Inner Loop: The inner loop iterates from 1 to the current value of row. It controls the number of columns in each row.
• Printing Numbers: Within the inner loop, the code prints the value of col, which represents the current column number.
• New Line: After printing the numbers for each row, the code inserts a new line using cout << endl;. This ensures that each row is printed on a new line.
• End of Program: Finally, the code waits for a key press using getch() and returns 0 to indicate successful program execution.

Code Examples

Let's take a closer look at the code example:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int total_rows = 4;
    
    for(int row = 1; row <= total_rows; row++) // Dynamic initialization of int row
    {
        for(int col = 1; col <= row; col++)
        {
            cout << col;
        }
        
        cout << endl;
    }
    
    getch();
    return 0;
}

Explanation:

1. The code includes the necessary libraries, iostream and conio.h, to perform input/output operations and console functions, respectively.
2. The main() function is the entry point of the program.
3. The total_rows variable is initialized with a value of 4, which determines the number of rows in the pattern.
4. The outer loop iterates from 1 to the value of total_rows. For each iteration, it controls the number of rows in the pattern.
5. The inner loop iterates from 1 to the current value of row. For each iteration, it controls the number of columns in each row.
6. Within the inner loop, the code prints the value of col, which represents the current column number.
7. After printing the numbers for each row, the code inserts a new line using cout << endl;. This ensures that each row is printed on a new line.
8. The code waits for a key press using getch() to prevent the console window from closing immediately.
9. Finally, the main() function returns 0 to indicate successful program execution.

Conclusion

In this code example, we explored how to print number patterns using C++. We used nested loops to control the number of rows and columns in the pattern. By dynamically initializing the number of rows, we can easily adjust the height of the pattern. Understanding these concepts will help you create more complex number patterns and enhance your C++ programming skills.